The most trying, difficult, and lengthy aspect of a student’s academic career is writing his or her dissertation. Because the dissertation is the last hurdle standing in the way of a student attaining a doctoral degree, it can also be one of the most frustrating aspects of a student’s academic life. The dissertation, then, is the most important and most difficult part of attaining a doctoral degree.
For dissertation statistics help, click here.
Unfortunately, many students struggle with their dissertation because they do not know that dissertation help is available from dissertation consulting firms. Dissertation consulting firms provide expert assistance and guidance to any student seeking to obtain their doctoral degree. Dissertation consulting firms are capable of helping students from the very beginning of the project and they are certainly willing to make sure that the dissertation is completed to its fruition.
Among the services that dissertation consulting firms provide is offering dissertation statistics help. Dissertation statistics help assists students with all things relating to statistics. All dissertations have statistics in them because all dissertations must offer proof for the argument, question or thesis. Statistics provide this proof. Many students are not well versed in statistics, however, and this is where dissertation statistics help proves to be invaluable to students as dissertation statistics help provides one-on-one help for students struggling to complete the statistics portion of their dissertation.
Among other things, dissertation statistics help assists students as dissertation statistics help does the following:
· Dissertation statistics help lets students know if their topic can be studied. In other words, dissertation statistics help provides information as to whether or not statistics can be gathered on the topic or subject.
· Dissertation statistics help assists students in gathering the research necessary to begin the project.
· Dissertation statistics help plays a key role in gathering the necessary data off of which to base the statistics.
· Dissertation statistics help accurately interprets the data and information.
· Dissertation statistics help provides valid statistics from the interpretation of the data.
· Dissertation statistics help ensures that the student is using the statistics properly to make the correct conclusions.
· Dissertation statistics help makes sure that those conclusions are then applied to the entire dissertation.
While the above bulleted points help to illustrate just how valuable dissertation statistics help can be for students who need assistance with statistics, dissertation statistics help offers much more than can be listed in a document. This is because dissertation statistics help explains each of the above bulleted points so that the student actually understands these points. The student, then, gains confidence in his or her research and abilities as dissertation statistics help ensures that the student understands every single aspect of what is going on in his/her dissertation. In other words, dissertation statistics help enables students to grasp the concept of statistics. There is no reason for a student not to understand everything that they are writing about, and dissertation statistics help will explain everything in a step-by-step fashion. The student, then, will feel confident with his/her dissertation and will be prepared to defend his or her dissertation because of the help provided by dissertation statistics help.
When one considers the fact that dissertation statistics help is available, it becomes clear that it makes no sense for a student to struggle with his/her dissertation alone. Dissertation statistics help can provide clear, meaningful, and accurate results. More importantly than dissertation statistics help providing the necessary “nuts and bolt” of the statistics, dissertation statistics help will allow students to finish their dissertations, with their diploma in hand and their head held high!
Monday, May 25, 2009
Thursday, May 21, 2009
Dissertation Methodology
The final step a student needs to take to acquire a doctoral degree is to finish his or her dissertation. The dissertation, however, is lengthier and more difficult than anything the student has done up to this point. This is because a dissertation must be accurate and precise, and it must offer new information on the subject or field. And this last part—offering new information to the subject or field— is especially difficult.
For assistance with your dissertation methodology, click here.
The dissertation itself is broken down into numerous parts, and each of these parts must be accepted and approved if the student is to obtain his or her doctoral degree. One of these parts is the dissertation methodology. The dissertation methodology is essentially the part of the dissertation that lays out the entire dissertation. In other words the dissertation methodology is a chapter of the dissertation that describes the methods that the researcher will use to approach his or her topic of study. The dissertation methodology, then, must be detailed and accurate because the dissertation methodology will allow others to see what is to be done in order to come up with the results.
Oftentimes, the dissertation methodology takes a student more time than it should. Granted, the dissertation methodology should take a long time to complete—for it is the detailed explanation of what is to be done and how it is to be done—but it should not delay students as much as it sometimes does. In other words, oftentimes the dissertation methodology chapter of the dissertation is where students spend an unproductive amount of time wondering what to do with their dissertation methodology and what to put in their dissertation methodology chapter.
Because methodology can be defined as “a body of practices, procedures, and rules used by those who work in a discipline or engage in an inquiry” (Dictionary.com) the dissertation methodology chapter should be specific, precise and accurate. Thus, in order for a dissertation methodology to be accepted, the dissertation methodology must do several things. First, the dissertation methodology should outline the problem that is to be studied. This is an obvious part of the dissertation methodology because without the problem that is to be studied, the dissertation methodology would be nonexistent. In other words, you need a problem to study in order to have a way to study it! Second, the dissertation methodology must outline the plans that the researcher intends on using to solve this problem. This is where the specifics come into play, and this is where the dissertation methodology must be precise. In this part of the dissertation methodology, the researcher should say what tests will be used and why such tests should be used. Because there are an abundant number of tests, procedures, and guidelines while conducting research and performing statistics, this part of the dissertation methodology is one of the trickiest parts to complete. The dissertation methodology, then, must make the method of study clear so that the people reading the dissertation methodology can see exactly what is to be done in order to gather the proper data and information. Finally, the dissertation methodology must then identify some of the various hurdles or difficulties that the researcher may experience while solving the problem or question. This is an important part of the dissertation methodology as it will provide more context into what, exactly, needs to be done and why it needs to be done. The combination of all three of these will lead to a detailed dissertation methodology section and a dissertation methodology section that is acceptable (providing that the dissertation methodology is also accurate and precise).
Because dissertations must follow dissertation formats, there is a specific format for the dissertation methodology section as well. There is some variance here, however, as different advisors can tweak this section to their liking. This tweaking, however, is by no means justification to do a dissertation methodology section anyway a student wants to. On the contrary, the dissertation methodology must follow certain guidelines and must be laid out according to a format that includes an introductory paragraph, an outline of the general dissertation methodology, and a type of conclusion.
It is, of course, essential that the dissertation methodology chapter is completed with much attention to detail. And while it is time consuming to complete the dissertation methodology, a student should get help on the dissertation methodology if he/she is spending too long on that one section of the dissertation. A proper, accurate and detailed dissertation methodology will help ensure success on the overall dissertation. Thus, one should not hesitate to seek help in completing the dissertation methodology.
For assistance with your dissertation methodology, click here.
The dissertation itself is broken down into numerous parts, and each of these parts must be accepted and approved if the student is to obtain his or her doctoral degree. One of these parts is the dissertation methodology. The dissertation methodology is essentially the part of the dissertation that lays out the entire dissertation. In other words the dissertation methodology is a chapter of the dissertation that describes the methods that the researcher will use to approach his or her topic of study. The dissertation methodology, then, must be detailed and accurate because the dissertation methodology will allow others to see what is to be done in order to come up with the results.
Oftentimes, the dissertation methodology takes a student more time than it should. Granted, the dissertation methodology should take a long time to complete—for it is the detailed explanation of what is to be done and how it is to be done—but it should not delay students as much as it sometimes does. In other words, oftentimes the dissertation methodology chapter of the dissertation is where students spend an unproductive amount of time wondering what to do with their dissertation methodology and what to put in their dissertation methodology chapter.
Because methodology can be defined as “a body of practices, procedures, and rules used by those who work in a discipline or engage in an inquiry” (Dictionary.com) the dissertation methodology chapter should be specific, precise and accurate. Thus, in order for a dissertation methodology to be accepted, the dissertation methodology must do several things. First, the dissertation methodology should outline the problem that is to be studied. This is an obvious part of the dissertation methodology because without the problem that is to be studied, the dissertation methodology would be nonexistent. In other words, you need a problem to study in order to have a way to study it! Second, the dissertation methodology must outline the plans that the researcher intends on using to solve this problem. This is where the specifics come into play, and this is where the dissertation methodology must be precise. In this part of the dissertation methodology, the researcher should say what tests will be used and why such tests should be used. Because there are an abundant number of tests, procedures, and guidelines while conducting research and performing statistics, this part of the dissertation methodology is one of the trickiest parts to complete. The dissertation methodology, then, must make the method of study clear so that the people reading the dissertation methodology can see exactly what is to be done in order to gather the proper data and information. Finally, the dissertation methodology must then identify some of the various hurdles or difficulties that the researcher may experience while solving the problem or question. This is an important part of the dissertation methodology as it will provide more context into what, exactly, needs to be done and why it needs to be done. The combination of all three of these will lead to a detailed dissertation methodology section and a dissertation methodology section that is acceptable (providing that the dissertation methodology is also accurate and precise).
Because dissertations must follow dissertation formats, there is a specific format for the dissertation methodology section as well. There is some variance here, however, as different advisors can tweak this section to their liking. This tweaking, however, is by no means justification to do a dissertation methodology section anyway a student wants to. On the contrary, the dissertation methodology must follow certain guidelines and must be laid out according to a format that includes an introductory paragraph, an outline of the general dissertation methodology, and a type of conclusion.
It is, of course, essential that the dissertation methodology chapter is completed with much attention to detail. And while it is time consuming to complete the dissertation methodology, a student should get help on the dissertation methodology if he/she is spending too long on that one section of the dissertation. A proper, accurate and detailed dissertation methodology will help ensure success on the overall dissertation. Thus, one should not hesitate to seek help in completing the dissertation methodology.
Estimation
The method of statistically drawing an inference on data is called the statistical inference. Thus, the testing of hypothesis and the inference are the most important factors involved in statistical inference. The theory of estimation is a part of statistics that extracts parameters from observations that are corrupted with noise.
Estimation is a division of statistics and signal processing that determines the values of parameters through measured and observed empirical data. The process of estimation is carried out in order to measure and diagnose the true value of a function or a particular set of populations. It is done on the basis of observations on the samples, which are a combined piece of the target population or function. Several statistics are used to perform the task of estimation.
There are two very important terms that are used in estimation: the estimator and the estimate. To understand the concept of the estimator and estimate in detail, we will use an example. Let’s say that a1, a2, a3 and so on is a collection of samples from some group of a certain population with ‘x’ as its parameter. Here, if T= T (a) is a statistic, then E (T(a)) = x. From these equations we can realize that an estimation of the statistic has been carried out, where the statistic T is an estimator and the parameter ‘x’ is the estimator.
Estimation has many important properties for the ideal estimator. These properties include unbiased nature, efficiency, consistency and sufficiency.
The estimators that are unbiased while performing estimation are those that have 0 bias results for the entire values of the parameter. Going by statistical language and terminology, unbiased estimators are those where the mathematical expectation or the mean proves to be the parameter of the target population. In the above mentioned example for estimation, T is going to be the unbiased estimator only if its estimate comes out to be equal to ‘x.’
In estimation, the estimators that give consistent estimates are said to be the consistent estimators. As the number of random variables increase, the degree of concentration should be higher and higher around the estimate in order to make the estimator of estimation the consistent estimator. If the estimator gives an unbiased estimate and the variance of the estimator comes out to be zero, then the estimator of estimation is called the consistent estimator. These two conditions need to be fulfilled only if the numbers of random variables reach infinity.
In estimation there are many estimators that have ample incidences of consistent estimators, and according to the property of efficiency in estimation, the consistent estimators should be normally distributed. This kind of property was taken into account in the theory of estimation, because there were incidents of the estimators having ample consistent estimations but were not the efficient estimators.
An estimator is known as the sufficient estimator only when the joint conditional distribution function of the sample/observation has the condition of T1 T2 T3 T4 (and so on and so forth), and are the values under the given estimator function ‘T.’ Thus, the resultant joint conditional estimation has to be absolutely sovereign of the parameter ‘x.’While carrying out the task of estimation, a researcher should always know that the best estimator is the one that is the minimum variance unbiased estimator (MVUE). This means that the estimator has the minimum variability when it is compared to other estimators.
Estimation is a division of statistics and signal processing that determines the values of parameters through measured and observed empirical data. The process of estimation is carried out in order to measure and diagnose the true value of a function or a particular set of populations. It is done on the basis of observations on the samples, which are a combined piece of the target population or function. Several statistics are used to perform the task of estimation.
There are two very important terms that are used in estimation: the estimator and the estimate. To understand the concept of the estimator and estimate in detail, we will use an example. Let’s say that a1, a2, a3 and so on is a collection of samples from some group of a certain population with ‘x’ as its parameter. Here, if T= T (a) is a statistic, then E (T(a)) = x. From these equations we can realize that an estimation of the statistic has been carried out, where the statistic T is an estimator and the parameter ‘x’ is the estimator.
Estimation has many important properties for the ideal estimator. These properties include unbiased nature, efficiency, consistency and sufficiency.
The estimators that are unbiased while performing estimation are those that have 0 bias results for the entire values of the parameter. Going by statistical language and terminology, unbiased estimators are those where the mathematical expectation or the mean proves to be the parameter of the target population. In the above mentioned example for estimation, T is going to be the unbiased estimator only if its estimate comes out to be equal to ‘x.’
In estimation, the estimators that give consistent estimates are said to be the consistent estimators. As the number of random variables increase, the degree of concentration should be higher and higher around the estimate in order to make the estimator of estimation the consistent estimator. If the estimator gives an unbiased estimate and the variance of the estimator comes out to be zero, then the estimator of estimation is called the consistent estimator. These two conditions need to be fulfilled only if the numbers of random variables reach infinity.
In estimation there are many estimators that have ample incidences of consistent estimators, and according to the property of efficiency in estimation, the consistent estimators should be normally distributed. This kind of property was taken into account in the theory of estimation, because there were incidents of the estimators having ample consistent estimations but were not the efficient estimators.
An estimator is known as the sufficient estimator only when the joint conditional distribution function of the sample/observation has the condition of T1 T2 T3 T4 (and so on and so forth), and are the values under the given estimator function ‘T.’ Thus, the resultant joint conditional estimation has to be absolutely sovereign of the parameter ‘x.’While carrying out the task of estimation, a researcher should always know that the best estimator is the one that is the minimum variance unbiased estimator (MVUE). This means that the estimator has the minimum variability when it is compared to other estimators.
Tuesday, May 19, 2009
Methodology
The theoretical analysis of the fitting processes for a particular field of study is called methodology. Methodology is used for different fields of studies. One such field where methodology is important is psychology.
For a free consultation on your research or dissertation methodology, click here.
Statistical methodology (like statistical significance testing) is used in the field of psychology. Statistical significance testing consists of tests such as the t-test, z-test, f-test, etc. These tests perform methodology. For instance, if one wants to diagnose and compare the death rate and birth rate of two different subject regions, then the t-test methodology is very appropriate in such a case. If the null hypothesis is arrived at in such an instance, it would mean that there is no statistically significant difference between the birth rates and death rates of the samples of the two subject regions. If the calculated t statistic goes over the tabulated t statistic in this methodology, then the assumed null hypothesis of this methodology is prone to be rejected at some particular level of significance.
Analysis of variance (ANOVA) is a statistical methodology that is used to diagnose the disparities in the mean values of dependant variables that are linked with the upshot of the controlled independent variables. Before this occurs, however, the influence of the uncontrolled independent variables is taken into account. In one way ANOVA methodology, there is only one categorical variable or one single factor that is involved in the process. In case more than one factor or variables are used in methodology analysis, then the methodology is known as ANOVA n way methodology.
Like any other methodology or statistical processes, this kind of methodology has its own set of assumptions. First, the nature of the extracted samples of this methodology should be random. Second, the nature of the variance involved in this methodology should be homogenous and not at all heterogeneous by any degree.
Another type of statistical methodology used in the field of psychology is called partial correlation methodology. When we want to manage the variables by controlling or adjusting the influence of more than one additional variable, this methodology measures the relationship between the two target variables. Behavioral study is a part of psychology where this partial correlation methodology proves to be very useful. Psychology is a form of social science and the quantitative methodology for it can be carried out by statistical software of social sciences called SPSS. To understand this methodology in the best manner, we should try and understand the basic terms involved in this methodology. The variables that extract the variances from the initial correlated variables are called the control variables, and the correlation with the control variables in this methodology is called the order of correlation. For example, first order partial correlation methodology has a single control variable. In addition to quantitative processes for this methodology, qualitative methods are also used for this methodology. The two qualitative techniques used in this methodology are the Delphi Process and the Nominal Group Technique. In the Delphi process, a number of experts provide independent and expert forecasts with the help of some questionnaires. The forecasts of the experts are thoroughly amended to reach one united decision consisting of many assumptions in that one whole. Nominal Group Technique is used to set a priority structure for issues that involve many participants. It is utilized to judge strengths and weaknesses of institutions, departments, etc. The best thing about this methodology is that it carries a balanced approach to the entire participant through discussions, where all the participants are allowed to have their say in the presence of a moderator. Thus the Nominal Group methodology is considered to be more reliable than the Delphi process methodology.
For a free consultation on your research or dissertation methodology, click here.
Statistical methodology (like statistical significance testing) is used in the field of psychology. Statistical significance testing consists of tests such as the t-test, z-test, f-test, etc. These tests perform methodology. For instance, if one wants to diagnose and compare the death rate and birth rate of two different subject regions, then the t-test methodology is very appropriate in such a case. If the null hypothesis is arrived at in such an instance, it would mean that there is no statistically significant difference between the birth rates and death rates of the samples of the two subject regions. If the calculated t statistic goes over the tabulated t statistic in this methodology, then the assumed null hypothesis of this methodology is prone to be rejected at some particular level of significance.
Analysis of variance (ANOVA) is a statistical methodology that is used to diagnose the disparities in the mean values of dependant variables that are linked with the upshot of the controlled independent variables. Before this occurs, however, the influence of the uncontrolled independent variables is taken into account. In one way ANOVA methodology, there is only one categorical variable or one single factor that is involved in the process. In case more than one factor or variables are used in methodology analysis, then the methodology is known as ANOVA n way methodology.
Like any other methodology or statistical processes, this kind of methodology has its own set of assumptions. First, the nature of the extracted samples of this methodology should be random. Second, the nature of the variance involved in this methodology should be homogenous and not at all heterogeneous by any degree.
Another type of statistical methodology used in the field of psychology is called partial correlation methodology. When we want to manage the variables by controlling or adjusting the influence of more than one additional variable, this methodology measures the relationship between the two target variables. Behavioral study is a part of psychology where this partial correlation methodology proves to be very useful. Psychology is a form of social science and the quantitative methodology for it can be carried out by statistical software of social sciences called SPSS. To understand this methodology in the best manner, we should try and understand the basic terms involved in this methodology. The variables that extract the variances from the initial correlated variables are called the control variables, and the correlation with the control variables in this methodology is called the order of correlation. For example, first order partial correlation methodology has a single control variable. In addition to quantitative processes for this methodology, qualitative methods are also used for this methodology. The two qualitative techniques used in this methodology are the Delphi Process and the Nominal Group Technique. In the Delphi process, a number of experts provide independent and expert forecasts with the help of some questionnaires. The forecasts of the experts are thoroughly amended to reach one united decision consisting of many assumptions in that one whole. Nominal Group Technique is used to set a priority structure for issues that involve many participants. It is utilized to judge strengths and weaknesses of institutions, departments, etc. The best thing about this methodology is that it carries a balanced approach to the entire participant through discussions, where all the participants are allowed to have their say in the presence of a moderator. Thus the Nominal Group methodology is considered to be more reliable than the Delphi process methodology.
Monday, May 18, 2009
Dissertation Data Analysis
In order to receive their doctoral degrees, students must first successfully complete a dissertation. Part of this dissertation involves dissertation data analysis. Dissertation data analysis consists of all of the data that accompanies the dissertation and the interpretation of that data. Dissertation data analysis, then, is a crucial part of the dissertation.
For assistance from the country's leader in dissertation consulting, click here.
The dissertation is a difficult thing to complete because it is extremely time consuming and laborious. Part of what makes it so time consuming is the accumulation of all of the data that is necessary for the dissertation. Further, once this data is actually accumulated, it must be interpreted properly. This dissertation data analysis must follow proper methodology and this is where many students need help as they are not trained in dissertation data analysis.
Dissertation data analysis involves the breaking down of complex statistics and numbers in order to prove a student’s thesis. Dissertation data analysis is done by following very precise methodologies. Dissertation data analysis can only be done after the data for the dissertation data analysis has been collected by also following very precise methodologies. If the data that is collected is not accurate or valid, the dissertation data analysis will not be valid or precise either. Therefore, before beginning the dissertation data analysis, it is important for the researcher (or student) to make sure that he or she follows the proper methodologies while collecting the data.
Dissertation data analysis is very technical and follows strict rules, tests, and methodology. These tools for dissertation data analysis include t-tests, ANOVA, descriptive statistics, etc. Unfortunately, most doctoral students are not trained to do proper dissertation data analysis because it is so technical and because dissertation data analysis requires the understanding of the tests and methodology of statistics.
Fortunately however, there is help for dissertation data analysis as students can seek dissertation consultants for dissertation data analysis help. Dissertation consultants are trained in all things regarding statistics and dissertation consultants are therefore proficient in dissertation data analysis. Additionally, getting the help of dissertation consultants will save students much time and energy. This is true because dissertation consultants will help students complete the dissertation and dissertation consultants will help students understand all aspects of the dissertation—from the proposal phase to the dissertation data analysis. Not only will dissertation consultants help students in terms of finishing on-time, dissertation consultants will also explain everything carefully to the student. This is important because students need to understand their research and methodology in order to complete the oral defense of their dissertation. Dissertation consultants know this and dissertation consultants make sure that they explain every single aspect of the dissertation to the student. Dissertation consultants do this by going over every step of the dissertation with the student—including reviewing the dissertation data analysis. As mentioned earlier, the dissertation data analysis can be very technical and the dissertation data analysis can be one of the most complicated aspects of the dissertations. Dissertation consultants will guide students through this difficult dissertation data analysis and dissertation consultants will make sure that everything that the student does in terms of the dissertation data analysis is accurate, precise and related to the dissertation. What’s more, dissertation consultants will go out of their way to make sure that the student understands every single component and aspect of the dissertation data analysis.
Dissertation consultants, then, can be extremely valuable to anyone writing a dissertation. Dissertation consultants have themselves obtained their doctoral degrees and therefore dissertation consultants know exactly what the student needs to do. Additionally, dissertation consultants know how to explain the complex procedures and methodologies of statistics to each and every student—and dissertation consultants will do so regardless of the student’s statistical abilities.
For assistance from the country's leader in dissertation consulting, click here.
The dissertation is a difficult thing to complete because it is extremely time consuming and laborious. Part of what makes it so time consuming is the accumulation of all of the data that is necessary for the dissertation. Further, once this data is actually accumulated, it must be interpreted properly. This dissertation data analysis must follow proper methodology and this is where many students need help as they are not trained in dissertation data analysis.
Dissertation data analysis involves the breaking down of complex statistics and numbers in order to prove a student’s thesis. Dissertation data analysis is done by following very precise methodologies. Dissertation data analysis can only be done after the data for the dissertation data analysis has been collected by also following very precise methodologies. If the data that is collected is not accurate or valid, the dissertation data analysis will not be valid or precise either. Therefore, before beginning the dissertation data analysis, it is important for the researcher (or student) to make sure that he or she follows the proper methodologies while collecting the data.
Dissertation data analysis is very technical and follows strict rules, tests, and methodology. These tools for dissertation data analysis include t-tests, ANOVA, descriptive statistics, etc. Unfortunately, most doctoral students are not trained to do proper dissertation data analysis because it is so technical and because dissertation data analysis requires the understanding of the tests and methodology of statistics.
Fortunately however, there is help for dissertation data analysis as students can seek dissertation consultants for dissertation data analysis help. Dissertation consultants are trained in all things regarding statistics and dissertation consultants are therefore proficient in dissertation data analysis. Additionally, getting the help of dissertation consultants will save students much time and energy. This is true because dissertation consultants will help students complete the dissertation and dissertation consultants will help students understand all aspects of the dissertation—from the proposal phase to the dissertation data analysis. Not only will dissertation consultants help students in terms of finishing on-time, dissertation consultants will also explain everything carefully to the student. This is important because students need to understand their research and methodology in order to complete the oral defense of their dissertation. Dissertation consultants know this and dissertation consultants make sure that they explain every single aspect of the dissertation to the student. Dissertation consultants do this by going over every step of the dissertation with the student—including reviewing the dissertation data analysis. As mentioned earlier, the dissertation data analysis can be very technical and the dissertation data analysis can be one of the most complicated aspects of the dissertations. Dissertation consultants will guide students through this difficult dissertation data analysis and dissertation consultants will make sure that everything that the student does in terms of the dissertation data analysis is accurate, precise and related to the dissertation. What’s more, dissertation consultants will go out of their way to make sure that the student understands every single component and aspect of the dissertation data analysis.
Dissertation consultants, then, can be extremely valuable to anyone writing a dissertation. Dissertation consultants have themselves obtained their doctoral degrees and therefore dissertation consultants know exactly what the student needs to do. Additionally, dissertation consultants know how to explain the complex procedures and methodologies of statistics to each and every student—and dissertation consultants will do so regardless of the student’s statistical abilities.
Friday, May 15, 2009
Attribute
An attribute refers to the quality of a characteristic. The theory of attribute refers to the qualitative characteristics that cannot be computed with the help of quantitative measurements. Thus, attributes require slightly different statistical treatment from the treatment of variables. Some of the examples of attributes are smoking, drinking, blindness, intelligence, etc.
For a free consultation on the theory of attribute or dissertation statistics, click here.
An attribute can be noticed by its presence or absence. It should be known that the methods of statistical techniques that are used in the study of the variables can also be used at a much wider extent in the theory of the attribute and vice versa.
There are certain notations used in the theory of attribute.
The number of observations assigned to the attribute is termed as the class frequencies which are denoted by bracketing the attribute symbols. For example, (A) stands for the frequency of the attribute A. A class represented by ‘n’ attribute is called a class of nth order and the corresponding frequency of that attribute is the frequency of the nth order. For example, (A) is a class frequency of first order.
These class symbols of the attribute also work as an operator. For example, A.N=(A) means that the operation of dichotomizing N according to the attribute A gives the class frequency equal to (A).
The two attributes A and B are said to be independent only if there exists no relationship of any kind between those two attributes. If the two attributes are independent, then one can expect that the same proportion of A attribute amongst B attribute is the same as that amongst the β attribute, and the proportion of B attribute amongst A attribute is the same as that amongst the α attribute.
The two attribute A and B are said to be associated if the two attributes are not independent but are related in some way or another. The two attributes are said to be positively associated if (AB) > (A) (B)/ N, and are said to be negatively associated if (AB) < (A) (B) /N.
The two attributes A and B are said to be completely associated if the attribute A cannot occur without the attribute B, though the attribute B may occur without the attribute A, and vice versa.
Ordinarily, the two attributes are said to be associated if the two occur together in a number of cases.
The consistency between the two attributes (A)=20 and (AB)=25 is not present as the attribute (AB) cannot be greater than the attribute (A) if they have been observed from the same population.
For dissertation statistics assistance, click here.
For a free consultation on the theory of attribute or dissertation statistics, click here.
An attribute can be noticed by its presence or absence. It should be known that the methods of statistical techniques that are used in the study of the variables can also be used at a much wider extent in the theory of the attribute and vice versa.
There are certain notations used in the theory of attribute.
- A population is divided into two classes, namely the negative and the positive class according to the presence or absence of an attribute.
- The positive class, which indicates the presence of the attribute, is generally denoted by capital roman letters like A, B, C, etc. The negative class, which indicates the absence of the attribute, is generally denoted by Greek letters like α, β, etc.
- The combination of the two attributes are denoted by grouping the letters together. In other words, AB is the combination of the two attributes A and B.
- If the population is divided into two subclasses with respect to each of the attributes, then that classification is termed a dichotomous classification.
The number of observations assigned to the attribute is termed as the class frequencies which are denoted by bracketing the attribute symbols. For example, (A) stands for the frequency of the attribute A. A class represented by ‘n’ attribute is called a class of nth order and the corresponding frequency of that attribute is the frequency of the nth order. For example, (A) is a class frequency of first order.
These class symbols of the attribute also work as an operator. For example, A.N=(A) means that the operation of dichotomizing N according to the attribute A gives the class frequency equal to (A).
The two attributes A and B are said to be independent only if there exists no relationship of any kind between those two attributes. If the two attributes are independent, then one can expect that the same proportion of A attribute amongst B attribute is the same as that amongst the β attribute, and the proportion of B attribute amongst A attribute is the same as that amongst the α attribute.
The two attribute A and B are said to be associated if the two attributes are not independent but are related in some way or another. The two attributes are said to be positively associated if (AB) > (A) (B)/ N, and are said to be negatively associated if (AB) < (A) (B) /N.
The two attributes A and B are said to be completely associated if the attribute A cannot occur without the attribute B, though the attribute B may occur without the attribute A, and vice versa.
Ordinarily, the two attributes are said to be associated if the two occur together in a number of cases.
The consistency between the two attributes (A)=20 and (AB)=25 is not present as the attribute (AB) cannot be greater than the attribute (A) if they have been observed from the same population.
For dissertation statistics assistance, click here.
Thursday, May 14, 2009
Thesis and Dissertation Consultants
All students seeking to obtain their doctoral degree must successfully finish a dissertation. This is by no means easy as the dissertation is one of the hardest things a student must do in his or her academic career. Thesis and dissertation consultants can help students in the process of writing their dissertation as thesis and dissertation consultants can guide students through every part of the dissertation.
For assistance with your thesis or dissertation, click here.
Thesis and dissertation consultants are experts that a student can hire to help with the process of the dissertation. Many students do not know that thesis and dissertation consultants can be so helpful because many students begin their theses and dissertations thinking that they do not need any help. It is only after months and months of failed research and design that students realize the benefit they can get from thesis and dissertation consultants. Thesis and dissertation consultants, then, should be sought in the initial stages of the dissertation as thesis and dissertation consultants can help students so that they do not have to waste that valuable time with failed research and design.
Another reason why students do not seek thesis and dissertation consultants is because they believe that hiring thesis and dissertations consultants is unethical. This is untrue, however, because thesis and dissertation consultants do not do the work for the students. As the name thesis and dissertation consultants (key word consultants) suggests, thesis and dissertation consultants help students with the dissertation. In other words thesis and dissertation consultants consult students, they do not write the dissertation for the student. A similar analogy to what thesis and dissertation consultants do would be to compare thesis and dissertation consultants to a tutor. When a student struggles with a subject, oftentimes that student hires a tutor. The tutor can then help the student by teaching the student the valuable skills they need that they do not have. Thesis and dissertation consultants do the exact same thing because thesis and dissertation consultants are interested in teaching the student what he or she needs to know so that the student is able to complete the dissertation on-time and successfully. Again, the thesis and dissertation consultant does not do the work for the student. On the contrary, the thesis and dissertation consultant guides the students and essentially “tutors” the student on what needs to be done. And while the student’s advisors can do the very same thing, often a student’s advisor is not available when the student needs him/her. Much like a teacher not being available for a student all of the time, an advisor cannot be there for the doctoral candidate at all times. Thesis and dissertation consultants can be, however, and therefore thesis and dissertation consultants can act as a guide and educator for the student. Hiring thesis and dissertation consultants, then, is ethical as thesis and dissertation consultants are there to provide help, feedback, assistance and guidance for the student—not to do the work for the student.
Once thesis and dissertation consultants are hired, they can go about the lengthy task of working on the dissertation. Thesis and dissertation consultants are invaluable in this process as thesis and dissertation consultants provide the following help:
- Thesis and dissertation consultants help the student choose the topic
- Thesis and dissertation consultants help the student phrase the topic appropriately, in statistical language
- Thesis and dissertation consultants help with the dissertation research necessary before beginning the dissertation
- Thesis and dissertation consultants help the student through the entire proposal phase of the dissertation
- Thesis and dissertation consultants help with every single statistical procedure- including the collection of data (which includes following precise methodology, guidelines and rules in the collection of data), the interpretation of data (which again requires following precise methodology, rules and guidelines), and the application of that data and analysis to the dissertation
- Thesis and dissertation consultants proofread the entire dissertation
- Thesis and dissertation consultants prepare the student for the oral defense of the dissertation
Thesis and dissertation consultants can be invaluable to students seeking to attain their degrees. Thesis and dissertation consultants are professionals who have the expertise and know-how to get students through the difficult task of writing their dissertations successfully.
For assistance with your thesis or dissertation, click here.
Dissertation Statistics Services
Because statistics are the central part to most dissertations, dissertation statistics services are available to help students who needs help in statistics. Dissertation statistics services are designed to help students with the accurate, precise and timely completion of their dissertation. And because students are not always well versed in statistics, dissertation statistics services can be invaluable as dissertation statistics services can provide help every single step of the way.
For dissertation statistics services, click here.
Dissertation statistics services are staffed by both expert statisticians and by individuals who have already earned their doctorate. Thus, the people who provide dissertations statistics services know what needs to be done in order for a student to successfully complete his or her dissertation. Dissertation statistics services should be sought at the onset of the project or dissertation, as dissertation statistics services can help students from the very beginning to the very end of the project. Of course, it is never too late to hire the help of dissertation statistics services—but much time can be saved if dissertation statistics services are obtained in the very beginning of the dissertation.
The dissertation itself must provide new and useful research on the subject that the student chooses. In other words, the dissertation must be unique and original. Thus, much time needs to be devoted to researching the topic and subject of the dissertation. And though dissertation statistics services provide invaluable help in the statistics part of the dissertation, dissertation statistics services can also help students do this research. This can save students much time and energy as the dissertation statistics services will make the process of doing the research necessary much more efficient.
Once the research is done and the topic is chosen, dissertation statistics services get to work on the actual dissertation. The first step, of course, is to gather the proper data. This collection of data can be very time consuming without the help of dissertation statistics services. This is true because without the help of dissertation statistics services, many students do not know where to begin in terms of collecting data. Of course, the collection of data is essential in the process of statistics, because if data is not collected properly, the results will be inaccurate. In other words, if certain rules and procedures are not followed in the collection of data, the data will be skewed. An example of this is the sample size in data collection. There are many rules governing how many people need to be surveyed, questioned, etc. and there are many rules about the populations that are surveyed and questioned. Proper sample size justification is essential to the process of gathering data and without the help of dissertation statistics services, students can falter and stumble over the sample size needed. Because all research is different, different research requires different sample sizes. Again, dissertation statistics services are experts in statistics, and therefore are experts in the collection of data and they can guide students so they do not make the mistake of sampling the wrong size population. Obviously this can save valuable time as students who do not have the help of dissertation statistics services oftentimes sample an incorrect number of respondents from incorrect populations and must then start all over in terms of their gathering of data and information. And nothing could be more frustrating than gathering all of the data and information only to need to do it again!
Once the data is collected, dissertation statistics services can help interpret the results. This too can be very challenging for the student not well versed in statistics. Because statistics is a science, there are rules guiding every single part of statistics. The people providing dissertation statistics services know all of these rules, however, and they can help students interpret and analyze all of the results. They know, for example, what to do with outliers in the data, how to accumulate the data, how to chart the data in proper APA format, how to apply the data to the dissertation, etc. Dissertation statistics services, then, can perform all necessary tasks in regards to the interpretation of the statistics of the research.
With the statistics of the research analyzed and interpreted, the student can then go on to complete the dissertation. Some dissertation statistics services will proofread the entire document. What’s more, some dissertation statistics services will even prepare the student for the oral defense of the dissertation. This is crucial as the student must be able to verbally explain every aspect of the dissertation. The right dissertation statistics services firm will therefore guarantee success for a student, because with their help, a student will be able to properly complete the dissertation and defend it!
For dissertation statistics services, click here.
Dissertation statistics services are staffed by both expert statisticians and by individuals who have already earned their doctorate. Thus, the people who provide dissertations statistics services know what needs to be done in order for a student to successfully complete his or her dissertation. Dissertation statistics services should be sought at the onset of the project or dissertation, as dissertation statistics services can help students from the very beginning to the very end of the project. Of course, it is never too late to hire the help of dissertation statistics services—but much time can be saved if dissertation statistics services are obtained in the very beginning of the dissertation.
The dissertation itself must provide new and useful research on the subject that the student chooses. In other words, the dissertation must be unique and original. Thus, much time needs to be devoted to researching the topic and subject of the dissertation. And though dissertation statistics services provide invaluable help in the statistics part of the dissertation, dissertation statistics services can also help students do this research. This can save students much time and energy as the dissertation statistics services will make the process of doing the research necessary much more efficient.
Once the research is done and the topic is chosen, dissertation statistics services get to work on the actual dissertation. The first step, of course, is to gather the proper data. This collection of data can be very time consuming without the help of dissertation statistics services. This is true because without the help of dissertation statistics services, many students do not know where to begin in terms of collecting data. Of course, the collection of data is essential in the process of statistics, because if data is not collected properly, the results will be inaccurate. In other words, if certain rules and procedures are not followed in the collection of data, the data will be skewed. An example of this is the sample size in data collection. There are many rules governing how many people need to be surveyed, questioned, etc. and there are many rules about the populations that are surveyed and questioned. Proper sample size justification is essential to the process of gathering data and without the help of dissertation statistics services, students can falter and stumble over the sample size needed. Because all research is different, different research requires different sample sizes. Again, dissertation statistics services are experts in statistics, and therefore are experts in the collection of data and they can guide students so they do not make the mistake of sampling the wrong size population. Obviously this can save valuable time as students who do not have the help of dissertation statistics services oftentimes sample an incorrect number of respondents from incorrect populations and must then start all over in terms of their gathering of data and information. And nothing could be more frustrating than gathering all of the data and information only to need to do it again!
Once the data is collected, dissertation statistics services can help interpret the results. This too can be very challenging for the student not well versed in statistics. Because statistics is a science, there are rules guiding every single part of statistics. The people providing dissertation statistics services know all of these rules, however, and they can help students interpret and analyze all of the results. They know, for example, what to do with outliers in the data, how to accumulate the data, how to chart the data in proper APA format, how to apply the data to the dissertation, etc. Dissertation statistics services, then, can perform all necessary tasks in regards to the interpretation of the statistics of the research.
With the statistics of the research analyzed and interpreted, the student can then go on to complete the dissertation. Some dissertation statistics services will proofread the entire document. What’s more, some dissertation statistics services will even prepare the student for the oral defense of the dissertation. This is crucial as the student must be able to verbally explain every aspect of the dissertation. The right dissertation statistics services firm will therefore guarantee success for a student, because with their help, a student will be able to properly complete the dissertation and defend it!
Wednesday, May 13, 2009
Factor Analysis
Factor analysis is a class of procedures that allow the researcher to observe a group of variables that tend to be correlated to each other and identify the underlying dimensions that explain these correlations. In other words, factor analysis is a class of procedures that are primarily used for data reduction and data summarization.
For assistance with your dissertation factor analysis, click here.
There are many statistical methods that are used to study the relationship between independent variables and dependent variables, but factor analysis is used to understand the patterns of relationships among many dependent variables while simultaneously discovering the nature of the independent variables that affect them.
In the business field, there are large numbers of variables that are correlated and are required to get reduced to a manageable level. This indicates the usage of factor analysis.
Factor analysis is an interdependence technique because factor analysis involves the examination of interdependence relationships.
Factor analysis involves factors that are the underlying dimensions that define the correlations among the set of variables.
In the field of psychology, researchers can utilize factor analysis to understand the psychographic profile of a person by studying his lifestyle statements.
Factor analysis is widely used in the business field. In market research, factor analysis can be used in market segmentation in order to identify the underlying variables upon which the consumers are being grouped. Factor analysis is then used to segment the customers into categories like economically sensitive, convenience sensitive, comfort sensitive, performance sensitive, etc.
There are two approaches of factor analysis. One of the approaches of factor analysis is common factor analysis. Common factor analysis, as the name suggests, involves the estimation of the factors based only on the common variance. On the other hand, in principal component factor analysis, the total variance of the data is considered.
There are certain statistics that are associated with factor analysis.
The Bartlett’s test of sphericity in factor analysis is a test statistic that is used to examine the null hypothesis that is assumed. This says that the variables are uncorrelated in the population.
The correlation matrix in factor analysis is used to show that there exists some correlation between all the pairs of variables that are being included in the analysis.
The Kaiser – Meyer- Olkin (KMO) measures of sampling adequacy in factor analysis is an index that is used to examine the appropriateness of factor analysis. Therefore, the researcher should keep in mind that if the value of this index is between 0.5 and 1, then factor analysis is appropriate. And if the values are below 0.5, then factor analysis is an inappropriate technique for that study.
Factor loadings in factor analysis are nothing but the simple correlation between the variables and the factors under study.
A factor matrix in factor analysis consists of the factor loadings of all the variables on all the factors being extracted.
The factor scores in factor analysis are the combined scores estimated for each respondent on the derived factors.As in all analysis, the first task of factor analysis is to formulate the problem. The next task is to construct the correlation matrix in factor analysis. Then, the researcher determines the method or an approach of the factor analysis. After determining the approach of factor analysis, the researcher determines the number of factors. The next task is to rotate the factors and interpret the factors by either calculating the factor scores or selecting the surrogate variables in factor analysis. After this, the researcher determines the model being fit in factor analysis.
For assistance with your dissertation factor analysis, click here.
For assistance with your dissertation factor analysis, click here.
There are many statistical methods that are used to study the relationship between independent variables and dependent variables, but factor analysis is used to understand the patterns of relationships among many dependent variables while simultaneously discovering the nature of the independent variables that affect them.
In the business field, there are large numbers of variables that are correlated and are required to get reduced to a manageable level. This indicates the usage of factor analysis.
Factor analysis is an interdependence technique because factor analysis involves the examination of interdependence relationships.
Factor analysis involves factors that are the underlying dimensions that define the correlations among the set of variables.
In the field of psychology, researchers can utilize factor analysis to understand the psychographic profile of a person by studying his lifestyle statements.
Factor analysis is widely used in the business field. In market research, factor analysis can be used in market segmentation in order to identify the underlying variables upon which the consumers are being grouped. Factor analysis is then used to segment the customers into categories like economically sensitive, convenience sensitive, comfort sensitive, performance sensitive, etc.
There are two approaches of factor analysis. One of the approaches of factor analysis is common factor analysis. Common factor analysis, as the name suggests, involves the estimation of the factors based only on the common variance. On the other hand, in principal component factor analysis, the total variance of the data is considered.
There are certain statistics that are associated with factor analysis.
The Bartlett’s test of sphericity in factor analysis is a test statistic that is used to examine the null hypothesis that is assumed. This says that the variables are uncorrelated in the population.
The correlation matrix in factor analysis is used to show that there exists some correlation between all the pairs of variables that are being included in the analysis.
The Kaiser – Meyer- Olkin (KMO) measures of sampling adequacy in factor analysis is an index that is used to examine the appropriateness of factor analysis. Therefore, the researcher should keep in mind that if the value of this index is between 0.5 and 1, then factor analysis is appropriate. And if the values are below 0.5, then factor analysis is an inappropriate technique for that study.
Factor loadings in factor analysis are nothing but the simple correlation between the variables and the factors under study.
A factor matrix in factor analysis consists of the factor loadings of all the variables on all the factors being extracted.
The factor scores in factor analysis are the combined scores estimated for each respondent on the derived factors.As in all analysis, the first task of factor analysis is to formulate the problem. The next task is to construct the correlation matrix in factor analysis. Then, the researcher determines the method or an approach of the factor analysis. After determining the approach of factor analysis, the researcher determines the number of factors. The next task is to rotate the factors and interpret the factors by either calculating the factor scores or selecting the surrogate variables in factor analysis. After this, the researcher determines the model being fit in factor analysis.
For assistance with your dissertation factor analysis, click here.
Tuesday, May 12, 2009
Statistics Analysis
Statistics can be defined as a branch of applied mathematics concerned with the collection and interpretation of quantitative data and the use of probability theory to estimate population parameters (on-line definition). Thus, statistics analysis is the outcome of the gathering of data and the interpreting of that data. Statistics analysis can therefore yield inferences that can be made based upon accurate data.
For assistance with your dissertation statistics analysis, click here.
The use of this statistics analysis is immeasurable as statistics analysis is used in many fields and for many purposes. One such purpose is the use of statistics analysis in market research. Statistics analysis in market research can help a business know the demand of a product before that product goes to market. Thus, statistics analysis can help businesses that want to do market research on something yet to be sold as statistics analysis can provide valuable information and data on how well a product will succeed.
Statistics analysis can also be beneficial to businesses that are already up and running. Statistics analysis can be used to help run a business more effectively and more efficiently. Statistics analysis does this by analyzing what works and what does not work within a company. In other words, statistics analysis can gather data to see what is cost effective for a company, and therefore statistics analysis can save a company both money and resources.
Statistics analysis can also be very helpful in the medical and nursing fields. Statistics analysis can be helpful in this field as statistics analysis is essential to the study of the effectiveness in drugs and treatment. In other words, a researcher must perform and obtain careful statistics for statistics analysis in order to make decisions about the effectiveness of a drug.
Statistics analysis can also be useful in government. If the government, for example, wants to find out why certain schools perform better than others, they can use statistics analysis. Statistics analysis can be used in this case as the researcher can measure whether or not certain variables have impacts on the performance of the school. These variables include the size of the class, the length of the class periods, the socio-economic status of the students in the class, etc. Thus, with the help of statistics analysis, the researcher can narrow down what works and what does not work in a school setting.
Statistics analysis is so relevant, in fact, that it was recently the focus of a 60 Minutes episode. In this episode, 60 Minutes explained how statistics analysis was used to help the Boston Red Sox win two championships. As 60 Minutes explained, the Red Sox hired a statistician who computed the effectiveness of pitchers, batters and fielders based on ever single stat that had been accumulated over the years for that player. The statistician was then able to use statistics analysis to see what players were most effective. This statistics analysis also led to the Red Sox hiring certain ball-players based on the statistics analysis. The result was extraordinary as the Red Sox won two consecutive championships—all with the help of statistics analysis.
Clearly, then, statistics analysis has many practical uses. Statistics analysis helps business owners hone in on what works and what does not. Thus, statistics analysis helps business owners run their companies more efficiently and productively, saving the owners both money and time. Because not all businesses are equipped with people well versed in statistics analysis, it is important to hire professionals in statistics analysis. These professionals will gather the relevant and appropriate data, will interpret this data and will use the statistics analysis to help companies make decisions that can allow them to succeed. The value of statistics analysis cannot be understated as it is ensures effectiveness and success.
For assistance with your dissertation statistics analysis, click here.
The use of this statistics analysis is immeasurable as statistics analysis is used in many fields and for many purposes. One such purpose is the use of statistics analysis in market research. Statistics analysis in market research can help a business know the demand of a product before that product goes to market. Thus, statistics analysis can help businesses that want to do market research on something yet to be sold as statistics analysis can provide valuable information and data on how well a product will succeed.
Statistics analysis can also be beneficial to businesses that are already up and running. Statistics analysis can be used to help run a business more effectively and more efficiently. Statistics analysis does this by analyzing what works and what does not work within a company. In other words, statistics analysis can gather data to see what is cost effective for a company, and therefore statistics analysis can save a company both money and resources.
Statistics analysis can also be very helpful in the medical and nursing fields. Statistics analysis can be helpful in this field as statistics analysis is essential to the study of the effectiveness in drugs and treatment. In other words, a researcher must perform and obtain careful statistics for statistics analysis in order to make decisions about the effectiveness of a drug.
Statistics analysis can also be useful in government. If the government, for example, wants to find out why certain schools perform better than others, they can use statistics analysis. Statistics analysis can be used in this case as the researcher can measure whether or not certain variables have impacts on the performance of the school. These variables include the size of the class, the length of the class periods, the socio-economic status of the students in the class, etc. Thus, with the help of statistics analysis, the researcher can narrow down what works and what does not work in a school setting.
Statistics analysis is so relevant, in fact, that it was recently the focus of a 60 Minutes episode. In this episode, 60 Minutes explained how statistics analysis was used to help the Boston Red Sox win two championships. As 60 Minutes explained, the Red Sox hired a statistician who computed the effectiveness of pitchers, batters and fielders based on ever single stat that had been accumulated over the years for that player. The statistician was then able to use statistics analysis to see what players were most effective. This statistics analysis also led to the Red Sox hiring certain ball-players based on the statistics analysis. The result was extraordinary as the Red Sox won two consecutive championships—all with the help of statistics analysis.
Clearly, then, statistics analysis has many practical uses. Statistics analysis helps business owners hone in on what works and what does not. Thus, statistics analysis helps business owners run their companies more efficiently and productively, saving the owners both money and time. Because not all businesses are equipped with people well versed in statistics analysis, it is important to hire professionals in statistics analysis. These professionals will gather the relevant and appropriate data, will interpret this data and will use the statistics analysis to help companies make decisions that can allow them to succeed. The value of statistics analysis cannot be understated as it is ensures effectiveness and success.
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